Discounted cash-flow valuation

QTWO cash-flow workbench

Historical facts are a starting point. The valuation below is a scenario built from your assumptions.

1. Historical reference

Annual period

Only observations with compatible dates and currency appear together. Missing values need your input. Shares are SEC-reported common shares; check share classes and ADR ratios before using a per-share result.

2. Your cash-flow assumptions

Equity cash flow = operating cash flow − capital spending + net borrowing − other annual deductions.

Operating cash flow already reflects interest, taxes and working-capital movements. Net borrowing means new debt less principal repaid. Deductions can include preferred dividends or costs excluded from your normalized cash flow. Review these in the source filings.

Operating cash flowCapital spending (positive outflow)Net borrowing (+/−)Other annual deductionsCommon shares modeledReporting currency

Zero borrowing and deductions are editable assumptions. Amounts accept K, M, B or T. All money uses the reporting currency above.

3. Forecast and valuation assumptions

Growth and discount rates start blank. Choose your own scenario. Forecasts run in annual steps from the valuation date; the historical period supplies a normalized base, not the valuation date.

Annual cash-flow growth (%)Cost of equity (%)Terminal cash-flow growth (%)Forecast years (1–20)Annual uncompensated dilution (%)Net value excluded from cash flows (+/−)Valuation dateCommon shares per modeled unitModeled unit / share class

Dilution grows the share count during the forecast and terminal period; it represents uncompensated issuance such as share-based pay. Avoid also deducting the same dilution cost from cash flow. Buybacks or cash-raising issuance need a more detailed capital model.

This values equity directly using the cost of equity. Debt and cash balances are not automatically subtracted or added. Only add value excluded from your forecast, to avoid counting it twice.

Optional: compare a price you enter

The chart cannot supply data to this calculator. Enter a price in the same reporting currency and for the modeled unit specified above.

Price per modeled unitPrice currencyPrice date

Not financial advice. This is a hypothetical scenario based on your inputs, not a price target, prediction or recommendation to buy, sell or hold. The model does not assess whether an investment is suitable for you.

Keep your scenarios

Saved in this browser. Exports retain source observations, period, dataset identity and model version. Reloading a scenario preserves its historical reference even when current filings change.

Scenario name Import scenario

Model and limits

The model discounts annual cash flow per common share and a constant-growth terminal value. The terminal per-share growth rate also accounts for continuing dilution. Common shares per modeled unit converts that per-share value, for example when one ADR represents several common shares.

This constant-growth forecast needs a positive normalized equity cash-flow base and a discount rate above terminal cash-flow growth. It does not model a turnaround, changing leverage, bank regulatory capital, or different economic rights across share classes. Set reinvestment, borrowing, terminal growth and required return consistently.

Method reference: Aswath Damodaran's FCFE model. Scenario outputs are estimates, rounded for display.